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China - Travel guideChina - Country backgroundFor centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences, but in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. After World War II, the Communists under MAO Zedong established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people. After 1978, his successor DENG Xiaoping and other leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled. For much of the population, living standards have improved dramatically and the room for personal choice has expanded, yet political controls remain tight. More about China Travel Guide |
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China General Information |
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| Country full name : | conventional long form: People's Republic of China conventional short form: China local long form: Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo local short form: Zhongguo abbreviation: PRC |
| Capital : | Beijing |
| Religions : | Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian 3%-4%, Muslim 1%-2% note: officially atheist (2002 est.) |
| Languages : | Cantonese (official) |
| Location : | Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam |
| Geographic coordinates : | 35 00 N, 105 00 E |
| Area : | total: 9,596,960 sq km land: 9,326,410 sq km water: 270,550 sq km |
| Climate : | extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north |
| Population : | 1,313,973,713 (July 2006 est.) |
| Nationality : | noun: Chinese adjective: Chinese |
| Ethnic groups : | Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1% |
| Government type : | Communist state |
| Administrative divisions: | 23 provinces (sheng, singular and plural), 5 autonomous regions (zizhiqu, singular and plural), and 4 municipalities (shi, singular and plural) provinces: Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; (see note on Taiwan) autonomous regions: Guangxi, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Xizang (Tibet) municipalities: Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, Tianjin note: China considers Taiwan its 23rd province; see separate entries for the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau. |
| Legal system : | based on civil law system; derived from Soviet and continental civil code legal principles; legislature retains power to interpret statutes; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Suffrage : | 18 years of age; universal |
| Internet code : | .cn |
| Calling code : | +86 |
| Time zone : | GMT/UTC +8 |
| Electricity : | 220V 50Hz |
| National holiday : | Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China, 1 October (1949) |
| Interesting link : | China Travel Guide |
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China Travel Guide Information