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Peru - Travel guidePeru - OverviewAncient Peru was the seat of several prominent Andean civilizations, most notably that of the Incas whose empire was captured by the Spanish conquistadors in 1533. Peruvian independence was declared in 1821, and remaining Spanish forces defeated in 1824. After a dozen years of military rule, Peru returned to democratic leadership in 1980, but experienced economic problems and the growth of a violent insurgency. President Alberto FUJIMORI's election in 1990 ushered in a decade that saw a dramatic turnaround in the economy and significant progress in curtailing guerrilla activity. Nevertheless, the president's increasing reliance on authoritarian measures and an economic slump in the late 1990s generated mounting dissatisfaction with his regime. FUJIMORI won reelection to a third term in the spring of 2000, but international pressure and corruption scandals led to his ouster by Congress in November of that year. A caretaker government oversaw new elections in the spring of 2001, which ushered in Alejandro TOLEDO as the new head of government; his presidency has been hampered by allegations of corruption. More about Peru Travel Guide |
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Peru General Information |
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| Country full name : | conventional long form: Republic of Peru conventional short form: Peru local long form: Republica del Peru local short form: Peru |
| Capital : | Lima |
| Religions : | Roman Catholic 81%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.4%, other Christian 0.7%, other 0.6%, unspecified or none 16.3% (2003 est.) |
| Languages : | Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara |
| Location : | Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador |
| Geographic coordinates : | 10 00 S, 76 00 W |
| Area : | total: 1,285,220 sq km land: 1.28 million sq km water: 5,220 sq km |
| Climate : | varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes |
| Population : | 28,302,603 (July 2006 est.) |
| Nationality : | noun: Peruvian(s) adjective: Peruvian |
| Ethnic groups : | Amerindian 45%, mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 37%, white 15%, black, Japanese, Chinese, and other 3% |
| Government type : | constitutional republic |
| Administrative divisions: | 25 regions (regiones, singular - region) and 1 province* (provincia); Amazonas, Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Callao, Cusco, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Lima*, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martin, Tacna, Tumbes, Ucayali |
| Legal system : | based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations |
| Suffrage : | 18 years of age; universal and compulsory until the age of 70; note - members of the military and national police may not vote |
| Internet code : | .pe |
| Calling code : | +51 |
| Time zone : | GMT/UTC -5 |
| Electricity : | 220V 60Hz |
| National holiday : | Independence Day, 28 July (1821) |
| Interesting link : | Peru Travel Guide |
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Peru Travel Guide Information